The sphericity of the Earth causes the angle at which
sunlight hits the ground to vary with latitude, which leads to a variation
of insolation with latitude. The problem is, that the outgoing IR radiation
is nearly uniformly distributed with latitude. This means that there will actually
be no radiative equilibrium at any latitude, except 37N and 37S. So, the tropics
should be getting hotter over time and the polar regions colder over
time.
Sensible
and latent heat transfer comes to the rescue again. Weather systems and
storms serve to transport excess energy from the tropics toward the poles. The
general atmospheric circulation also does this. In addition, a considerable
amount of heat is carried poleward by ocean currents.